Contrastive learning uncovers cellular interactions and morphologies in the tumor microenvironment of lung adenocarcinoma linked to immunotherapy response.

ABSTRACT: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) presents diverse histomorphological features within the tumor microenvironment (TME) that influence prognosis and response to immunotherapy. Leveraging contrastive learning, we developed an unbiased atlas of cell neighborhoods to systematically explore the LUAD microenvironment at the cellular scale and investigate how these neighborhoods combine to form histologic patterns. This multiscale approach enables a comprehensive understanding of both cell-specific interactions and broader histologic architecture in LUAD. Our analysis identified distinct histomorphological phenotype clusters of cellular neighborhoods (cn-HPCs) with prognostic significance. For example, cn-HPC 0 was associated with immune activation and favorable survival, while cn-HPC 23 was enriched in

SUBMITTER: Le H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12491490 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature