Anti-inflammatory cytokine profile and Jarisch-Herxheimer reaction in Leptospirosis patients: A prospective case-series study in New Caledonia.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Leptospirosis is a neglected zoonosis. This spirochetal disease is common in tropical countries where rainfall and poor sanitation facilitate skin contact with environmental Leptospira shed in animal urine. Antibiotics are effective against spirochetes, although a harmful Jarisch-Herxheimer (JHR) reaction can occur within hours of treatment, with the onset of chills, fever and/or hypotension. However, the awareness and incidence of JHR in leptospirosis are poorly understood.

Methods

This prospective observational study enrolled 81 patients diagnosed with leptospirosis from four hospitals in New Caledonia between 2021 and 2024. To evaluate the patients' inflammatory status and identify risk factors for JHR, we collected data on clinical, socioeconomic, and biologic

SUBMITTER: Cagliero J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12494262 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature