Public sanitation interventions and household clean energy adoption: Evidence from China's renovating water supply and toilets.

ABSTRACT: By 2021, approximately 2.3 billion people worldwide still relied on polluting fuels and technologies for cooking. Such harmful fuels pose serious risks to both health and the environment, contributing to health issues and constraining economic activities. Based on the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study data, this study investigates whether and how the renovation of tap water and sanitary toilets affects clean energy adoption among rural households in China by utilizing a Probit model. The results demonstrates that the probability of rural households using clean energy for cooking significantly increased by 8.0 percentage points after undergoing the renovation of tap water and sanitary toilets. These effects are particularly pronounced in households with male heads and low-incom

SUBMITTER: Wang P 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12500098 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature