Vitamin D-inducible antimicrobial peptide LL-37 binds SARS-CoV-2 Spike and accessory proteins ORF7a and ORF8.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The role of vitamin D in Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) outcomes remains debated, but emerging evidence suggests it may enhance recovery by strengthening immune responses. Vitamin D upregulates LL-37, an antimicrobial peptide with broad antiviral activity, including potential benefits against SARS-CoV-2. LL-37's interactions with viral proteins, however, remain incompletely understood.

Methods

We investigated LL-37's interactions with the SARS-CoV-2 Spike glycoprotein and the accessory proteins ORF7a and ORF8 using surface plasmon resonance and negative-stain electron microscopy. These approaches were employed to assess LL-37's binding capabilities and potential impact on viral infectivity.

Results

LL-37 bound multiple domains of the Spike protein and

SUBMITTER: Roth A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12500691 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature