Paraventricular nucleus CRH neurons regulate acute lung injury via sympathetic nerve-neutrophil axis.

ABSTRACT: Acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are severe conditions with high morbidity and mortality with limited effective therapies. Neuroimmune interactions play a critical role in lung homeostasis, but it remains unclear if specific brain regions regulate lung inflammation. Here, we perform anatomical tracing, chemogenetic modulation, and pharmacological interventions in male mice and identify a neural circuit from corticotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (CRH^PVN neurons) to the lung. The activation of these neurons protects mice from ALI and promotes survival, reduces neutrophil infiltration and effector functions in the lung, whereas inhibiting CRH^PVN neurons worsens ALI. The protective

SUBMITTER: Li H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12500995 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature