ID1 promotes the progression of esophageal cancer via modulating PTEN/YAP/galectin-3 signaling pathway induced proliferation and immune suppression.

ABSTRACT: Esophageal cancer (EC) is a highly aggressive malignancy. ID1, a transcription factor overexpressed in multiple cancers, promotes tumor progression, but its molecular mechanisms in EC remain unclear. We hypothesized that ID1 drives EC progression by regulating the PTEN/YAP/Galectin-3 axis to induce proliferation and immune suppression. Bioinformatics analysis was employed to predict and validate the interactions between genes in esophageal cancer; protein expression levels, including ID1 and PTEN, were assessed using western blotting and immunofluorescence; tumor cell proliferation was evaluated with the CCK-8 assay; and macrophage phagocytosis function was tested through engulfment assays. Additionally, the effects of ID1 on esophageal cancer were investigated using subcutaneous tumor tra

SUBMITTER: Ji Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12501372 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature