Toxicity study of SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein expressed on Bacillus subtilis spores.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The SARS-CoV-2 spike protein is the primary antigen used in most COVID-19 vaccines. To improve protection, especially at mucosal surfaces, a robust and safe delivery system capable of inducing both systemic and mucosal immunity is needed. Bacillus subtilis spores offer a promising platform due to their stability, safety, and capacity for protein display. A study to evaluate the potential acute oral toxicity of recombinant B. subtilis spores expressing SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins was undertaken.

Results

B. subtilis spore was used to express the SARS-CoV-2 S1 domain spike proteins during the bacterial sporulation. No in vitro cytotoxicity was observed when the spores were used to treat cells. BALB/c mice were given a single oral dose (5 × 10¹¹ CFU/ml) over

SUBMITTER: Hazan A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12502241 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature