Maternal Smoking during Pregnancy, Smoking Initiation, and the Risk of Epilepsy in the UK Biobank.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

The impact of early-life tobacco smoke exposure on epilepsy remains underexplored. Our study examined the associations between maternal smoking during pregnancy (MSDP), age of smoking initiation (ASI), and epilepsy risk, while investigating the mediating role of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1).

Methods

We analyzed data from 427,285 participants for MSDP and 428,178 for ASI from the UK Biobank. Accelerated failure time (AFT) models and Cox proportional hazard models with time-dependent covariates were applied to evaluate the associations between MSDP and ASI and epilepsy onset. Mediation analyses were conducted to assess the role of IGF-1.

Results

Our study involved 427,258 participants in survival analyses for MSDP and 428,178 for ASI. Participants e

SUBMITTER: Zhao Q 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12503662 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Jul

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature