Association of biological, socioeconomic, and environmental factors with child development at two years of age in Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Tanzania: results from the AMANHI-ACT study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The first 1,000 days of life, spanning pregnancy to two years, are critical for development. We investigated the association of maternal, socioeconomic, environmental, nutritional, and childhood characteristics with cognitive, motor, and language development at two years of age.

Methods

The AMANHI-ACT study enrolled pregnant women between 8 and 19 weeks of gestation from Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Tanzania. Data was collected on sociodemographic factors, maternal BMI and co-morbidities during pregnancy, and weight and gestational age at birth. Child characteristics included vaccination history, infections, and physical growth at predefined intervals up to two years. Child development at two years was assessed using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Developmen

SUBMITTER: Nizar A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12505821 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature