Multiple long-range <i>cis</i> interactions generate CTCF insulator-dependent viral chromatin domains in quiescent HSV-1 genomes.

ABSTRACT: In cellular genomes, CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) insulators impact transcription over small distances in a one-dimensional manner and over much longer distances in a three-dimensional manner by maintaining chromatin loops. We have previously shown that the latent HSV-1 genome contains CTCF insulators that function to regulate lytic transcription of adjacent genes in a one-dimensional manner. Here, we test the hypothesis that HSV-1 CTCF insulators nucleate chromatin loops to regulate the expression of distance-separated gene regions through three-dimensional organization of viral genomes. We used 4C-seq methods to identify multiple long-range cis interactions in HSV-1 genomes that generate viral chromatin domains, including those nucleated by the viral CTCF insulator CTRL2. Deletion

SUBMITTER: Richman A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12506143 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature