Elevated blood lead levels and associated risk factors among school children in a non-industrialized city in Indonesia.

ABSTRACT: Environmental lead exposure in children is a big public health problem in industrial cities in Indonesia. However, exposure to lead can take place in other settings. Our survey in Banda Aceh was the first in a non-industrial Indonesian city. This study was conducted with 130 randomly selected children between October and December 2022, by examining their blood lead samples and administering structured questionnaires on family demographics and environmental factors (i.e., water source and roof type). Following the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines, an elevated blood lead level (BLL) was defined as ≥3.5 μg/dL. Of 130 children enrolled in the study, 32 (24.6%) had elevated BLLs. The mean BLL was 3.01 ± 1.14 μg/dL. Multivariate analysis showed that male students (OR=4

SUBMITTER: Nurjannah N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12507209 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature