Motivations, perceived risk, and tampering of XTAMPZA ER and abuse-deterrent opioid drugs.

ABSTRACT: Abuse deterrent formulation (ADF) products are designed to prevent people from tampering with medication, especially with the intention to misuse or abuse the product. While clinical results support the efficacy of ADF products in controlled settings, little is known about how people use and abuse them in the real world. The objective of this research was to describe tampering behavior and perceived risk among U.S. adults who report non-medical use (NMU) of XTAMPZA® ER, a novel ADF extended-release opioid, and comparable products. A cross-sectional survey was conducted in 2021 and 2022 among adults who reported NMU of oxycodone or hydrocodone products in the past year. To compare use patterns and tampering behavior to XTAMPZA® ER, three similar opioid products were also assessed. Participa

SUBMITTER: Burkett HL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12507222 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature