Non-invasive giant panda pregnancy and pseudopregnancy biomonitoring by integrated metabolomics and steroidomics.

ABSTRACT: Understanding the reproductive biology of giant pandas is crucial for their breeding success and conservation. Pregnancy monitoring, however, is challenging due to delayed implantation and obligatory pseudopregnancy, which limits the effectiveness of traditional immunoassays (IA). To remedy this, we combined polar metabolomics and steroidomics to enable a comprehensive view of the urinary molecular composition across six different reproductive phases spanning six pregnant and seven pseudopregnant cycles. Statistical comparisons revealed 696 discriminative features, including 174 features in the early luteal stages, well before the current pregnancy diagnostic window. Pregnant and pseudopregnant cycles showed differences in amino acid, energy, and steroid metabolism before and after CL reac

SUBMITTER: Cools T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12508468 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature