The Internal Nanostructure of Lipid Nanoparticles Influences Their Diverse Cellular Uptake Pathways.

ABSTRACT: Lipid nanoparticles have emerged as critical platforms for bioactive agent delivery, with their success in COVID-19 vaccines highlighting the urgent need to address gaps in understanding their biological interactions. Lyotropic liquid crystalline nanoparticles (LLCNPs) represent promising nanocarriers for bioactive agent delivery. In this study, it is revealed for the first time how internal nanostructures of LLCNPs - liposomes, cubosomes, hexosomes, and micellar cubosomes - influence their cellular uptake pathways. By isolating the effects of mesophase while maintaining consistent particle size, charge, and surface coating, it is demonstrated that non-lamellar LLCNPs, particularly cubosomes, significantly enhance cellular uptake via distinct endocytic and non-endocytic mechanisms. These n

SUBMITTER: Yap SL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12508709 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature