Synergistic Effects of Dietary Protein and Vitamin E Intake on Reducing Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease Risk: Insights From NHANES [2017-2023] and Mendelian Randomization Study.

ABSTRACT: Nutritional intervention plays a pivotal role in managing metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), but the combined effect of protein and vitamin E on MAFLD remains indistinct. This study sought to evaluate the synergistic effects of these nutrients on MAFLD. This study enrolled 14,489 participants from the NHANES database. MAFLD was defined by liver fat accumulation and metabolic syndrome components. Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic spline modeling, and internal validation were applied to assess the dose-response and joint effects of protein and vitamin E, with gender stratification to explore effect heterogeneity. A Mendelian randomization (MR) approach was utilized to probe the causality between α-tocopherol and protein intake with MAFLD. Intake levels of pro

SUBMITTER: Wu W 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12511786 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature