Biosensing of Urea with a Functionalized Gold Electrode for Health and Food Monitoring.

ABSTRACT: Urea monitoring in biological fluids is of crucial significance, since urea is a key indicator of liver and kidney physiological functioning, a marker for hemodynamic treatments, and has been used for food adulteration. Therefore, we have covalently anchored the urease enzyme (Ur) to a screen-printed gold electrode (SPGE) using the 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid di(N-hydroxysuccinimide ester) (DSP) bifunctional linker that allowed optimal electronic communication between urease and gold electrode and developed a selective urea biosensor (Ur-DSP/SPGE). The Ur-DSP/SPGE was characterized by infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), cyclovoltammetry (CV), and electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Open-circuit potentiometry (OCP) was also used to detect urea at different concentrations (0-600 μM) in

SUBMITTER: Ferlazzo A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12512190 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature