The role of GPD2 and glycolysis-related genes in cholangiocarcinoma: insights into prognostic biomarkers and tumor-immune interactions.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) remains a challenging malignancy with limited therapeutic options and poor prognosis. This study investigates the role of glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase 2 (GPD2) and associated glycolysis-related genes in cancer, with a focus on CCA.

Methods

We employed a comprehensive multi-omics approach, including genomic, transcriptomic, and single-cell analyses, to explore GPD2's function across various cancers. In vitro experiments validated GPD2's role in CCA. A glycolysis-related prognostic signature was developed and analyzed for its clinical and biological implications.

Results

GPD2 was overexpressed in most cancers and correlated with adverse outcomes, genomic instability, and altered immune infiltration. In CCA, GPD2 knockdown suppre

SUBMITTER: Zhao Y 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12512518 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature