Engineered exosomes conferred with ROS-regulation and immuno-suppression for ameliorating lupus nephritis.

ABSTRACT: Mesenchymal stromal cell-derived exosomes (MEXs) possess inherent homing capabilities, tissue repair abilities, and anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory functions, making them a promising alternative for treating lupus nephritis (LN). In this study, we present an innovative engineered MEX that serves both as a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenger and a rapamycin carrier for targeted LN therapy. The nanohybrid (CEX@Rapa) was developed by chemically conjugating ceria (Ce) nanoparticles to rapamycin-loaded thiol-functionalized MEXs through a Michael addition reaction. The resulting nanohybrids demonstrate minimal toxicity, optimal drug loading efficiency, superior cellular uptake capability, and remarkable anti-oxidant, anti-damage, and anti-inflammatory properties. Upon systemic adminis

SUBMITTER: Tian J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12514823 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature