Opportunities for and Challenges of Pulmonary Drug Delivery in the Management of Acute Exacerbations of CNS Disorders.

ABSTRACT: Advances in pulmonary (PM) drug delivery through inhalation devices have enabled effective treatments for acute exacerbations of central nervous system (CNS) episodes, addressing previously unmet medical needs. While PM formulations of loxapine and levodopa are approved for agitation and off periods in Parkinson's disease (PD), respectively, there remains an unmet need for rapid-acting therapies for other acute exacerbations of neurologic disorders. In this review, the potential of PM delivery to address this gap in the management of acute CNS disorders is critically assessed, focusing on Staccato^® loxapine for agitation, Inbrija^® (levodopa) for PD, the investigational drug inhaler device Staccato^® alprazolam for epilepsy, and other investigational drug inh

SUBMITTER: Detyniecki K 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12515229 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature