Geochemical and Climatic Influences on Spatiotemporal Water Quality Changes in Drinking Water Source Lakes in Pakistan: Implications for Environmental and Public Health.

ABSTRACT: Climate change, rapid urbanization, and population growth are increasingly influencing the quality and quantity of surface water resources, especially in vulnerable reservoir systems. This study investigates the spatiotemporal changes in water features and quality of three key drinking water source lakes-Rawal, Simly, and Khanpur (RSK), located in and around Islamabad, Pakistan. Using Level 2 Landsat 5, 7 and 8 satellite data from 1991 to 2020, changes in lake surface area were assessed through the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform. Thresholding and geospatial analysis in ArcGIS 10.8 were used to extract and visualize water bodies and surface feature changes. The study found that lake surface areas were directly linked to rainfall levels and decreased with rising temperatures especially d

SUBMITTER: Ahmed T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12516088 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature