Open management of massive venous bleeding in anterior lumbar spine surgery-a narrative review.

ABSTRACT:

Background and objective

Anterior lumbar spine surgery (ALSS) provides multiple benefits for the patient with spinal pathology. Vascular complications are uncommon and usually managed with simple surgical techniques and ancillary products. Rarely, confronting massive haemorrhage can occur after a venous injury which endangers the patient. We aimed to review the anatomical basis and risk factors for venous injury, propose a staged, systematic approach for management and discuss open surgical techniques, instruments, products, and strategies in detail for each of the stages.

Methods

This was a narrative review. A systematic approach was used. A review of national databases (PubMed, Ovid Medline, and Google Scholar) was performed using literature from 2000 to 2024 in English. K

SUBMITTER: Faulks CR 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12516384 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature