Effects of Shared and Nonshared Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder Alleles on Cognition and Educational Attainment in the UK Biobank.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Cognitive impairment is typically more severe in schizophrenia (SZ) than bipolar disorder (BD). We explored the underlying genetics and biology of this difference and its relationship to educational attainment (EA) using genomic structural equation modeling.

Methods

Shared and differentiating fractions of liability for SZ and BD were derived and tested for their association with general intelligence (n = 93,541), fluid intelligence (n = 160,465), and EA (n = 354,609) in the UK Biobank. Liabilities were tested for enrichment in genes with high expression specificity (HES) for developmental stages, cell types, and functional categories.

Results

Shared liability was associated with poorer cognition but higher EA. The SZ differentiating fra

SUBMITTER: Richards AL 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12516558 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Nov

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature