Indirubin regulates M1/M2 polarization and inhibits ferroptosis in dextran sulfate sodium induced colitis and in cultured THP-1 cells.

ABSTRACT:

Context

Macrophages play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Indirubin (IDR), a natural ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), has been shown to ameliorate DSS-induced colitis in our previous study (Liu Z et al.).

Objective

To investigate whether IDR exerts its protective effects by regulating M1/M2 polarization and inhibiting ferroptosis in macrophages.

Materials and methods

Immunohistochemistry staining targeting CD206 and F4/80 was performed to evaluate the effect of IDR on the polarization of M1/M2 macrophages in colitis. Subsequently, the effects of IDR on the M1- or M2-polarization of THP-1-derived macrophages were investigated. Furthermore, the effects of IDR on ferroptosis in the colon tissue of mice and on RSL3-induced ferr

SUBMITTER: Huang YX 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12517419 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature