Deferred Versus Upfront Cytoreductive Nephrectomy in MetaStatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Comparative Survival Analysis in the Immunotherapy Era.

ABSTRACT:

Background

The optimal timing of cytoreductive nephrectomy (CN) in metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) remains a subject of debate, particularly in the immunotherapy era. This study compares survival outcomes between deferred CN (dCN) and upfront CN (uCN) in mRCC patients receiving modern immunotherapy regimens in the real-world setting.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed the SEER database for mRCC patients diagnosed between 2016 and 2021 who underwent dCN or uCN. The primary endpoint was overall survival (OS), while the secondary endpoints were disease-specific survival (DSS) and other-cause specific survival (OCSS). Statistical analyses included propensity score matching (PSM), Kaplan-Meier survival curves, Cox proportional hazards modeling, as well as sensitivity, sub

SUBMITTER: Xu T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12523447 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature