Phthalate exposure is associated with increased CVD risk in CKD: evidence from NHANES and network toxicology analysis.

ABSTRACT: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health burden, with cardiovascular disease (CVD) representing the primary cause of mortality in this population. In this cross-sectional study, we analyzed data from 2,227 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2003-2018) to investigate the relationship between phthalate exposure and self-reported CVD among CKD patients. Logistic regression identified four phthalate metabolites exposure, including MBP, MEHHP, MEOHP and MECPP significantly increases CVD risk across all three logistic regression models. As phthalate exposure typically occurs as a mixture in real life, we employed advanced mixture analysis methods: the Weighted Quantile Sum (WQS) model, Quantile G-Computation (qgcomp) model, and Bayesian Kernel Ma

SUBMITTER: Chen G 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12523515 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Dec

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature