Checkpoint Imbalance in Primary Glomerulopathies: Comparative Insights into IgA Nephropathy and Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

Primary glomerulopathies are immune-driven kidney diseases. IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN) are prevalent entities with a risk of chronic progression. Immune checkpoints, such as PD-1/PD-L1, CTLA-4/CD86, and CD200R/CD200, regulate activation and tolerance in T, B, and NK cells, and also exist in soluble forms, reflecting systemic immune balance.

Objective

To compare immune checkpoint profiles in IgAN and MPGN versus healthy volunteers (HV) through surface expression, soluble serum levels, and PBMC transcripts, with attention to sex-related differences and diagnostic value assessed by ROC curves.

Materials and methods

Ninety age-matched subjects were studied: IgAN (n = 30), MPGN (n = 30), HV (n

SUBMITTER: Mertowski S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12524032 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature