Genome-Wide Characterization of a Carbon Ion Beam-Induced Soybean Mutant Population Reveals Extensive Genetic Variation for Trait Improvement.

ABSTRACT: Understanding the genetic architecture of complex traits is crucial for crop improvement and molecular breeding. We developed a mutagenized soybean population using carbon ion beam irradiation and conducted genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify variants controlling key agronomic traits. Whole-genome resequencing of 199 M4 lines revealed 1.48 million SNPs, predominantly C→T transitions, with population structure analysis identifying three distinct genetic groups. GWAS across five traits revealed striking differences in genetic architecture: the podding habit showed extreme polygenic control with 87,029 significant associations of small effect, while pubescence color exhibited oligogenic inheritance with only 122 variants. Hundred-seed weight displayed moderate complexity (4637

SUBMITTER: Liu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12524523 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature