Tetramethyl Bisphenol F: Organ- and System-Specific Toxicity, Current Status, and Perspectives.

ABSTRACT: Tetramethyl bisphenol F (TMBPF) is being increasingly used as a Bisphenol A (BPA) substitute, particularly as a coating material for food and beverage cans. Unlike BPA, TMBPF is considered safe because of the lack of reported estrogenic effects, and it is often marketed under the "BPA-free" label. Initial cell-based assays and rat toxicity studies indicated much lower systemic and sex hormone-related toxicity of TMBPF compared with BPA, which has facilitated its substitution and significant market expansion. Since 2021, however, a growing body of research has reported various adverse effects of TMBPF across multiple biological systems. These include cytotoxicity associated with apoptosis and endocrine-disrupting effects on the thyroid axis, skeletal system, neurodevelopment, and reproducti

SUBMITTER: Hwang I 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12524657 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature