Gibberellin Disrupts Hormonal Homeostasis and Anther Integrity to Trigger Sex Reversal in Spinach.

ABSTRACT: Spinach is a dioecious vegetable and an excellent model for investigating plant sex differentiation. Exogenous gibberellin treatment induced sepal hypoplasia and sex reversal, converting 42% of stamens into pistils in male plants. Transcriptome analysis identified 112 male-biased genes enriched in stamen and pollen development, while hormone profiling revealed coordinated changes in GA, cytokinins, auxin, jasmonic acid, and abscisic acid. Functional assays demonstrated that silencing SpAMS or SpPGIP caused extensive carpelization, and in situ hybridization localized their expression to developing anthers. Dual-luciferase assays confirmed that SpAMS directly activates the B-class gene SpPI, and genomic mapping placed SpAMS in the pseudo-autosomal region of

SUBMITTER: Wang T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12525398 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature