Population Genetic Analysis Reveals Recent Demographic Expansion and Local Differentiation of Areca Palm Velarivirus 1 in Hainan Island.

ABSTRACT: Areca palm velarivirus 1 (APV1), the causal agent of yellow leaf disease (YLD), poses a serious threat to the economically important areca palm industry in the Hainan Province, China, yet its evolutionary dynamics remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a large-scale molecular survey by sequencing the coat protein (CP) gene from 364 APV1-infected samples collected across major cultivation regions of Hainan. Population genetic analyses revealed extremely high haplotype diversity (H_d = 0.997) but very low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.017). Neutrality tests (Tajima's D = -2.266; Fu's F_S = -23.697) and a unimodal mismatch distribution supported a scenario of recent demographic expansion from a restricted ancestral pool. Evolutionary analyse

SUBMITTER: Niu X 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12526248 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Sep

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature