A long-term culture model for investigating senescence-associated dysregulation in macrophages.

ABSTRACT: Macrophage senescence is increasingly recognized as a key contributor to immune dysfunction during aging and chronic inflammation. Here, we developed a reproducible long-term in vitro culture model to investigate the senescence's phenotypic and functional consequences in human macrophages. Monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) were cultured for 7, 14, or 21 days and assessed for canonical senescence markers and immune function. While macrophages at day 7 exhibited minimal expression of β-galactosidase, H2AXpS139, and CDKN2A (p16INK4a), these markers were significantly upregulated at days 14 and 21, indicating progressive acquisition of a senescent phenotype. Cell viability remained above 95% across all time points, confirming the system's stability. High-dimensional flow cytometry and

SUBMITTER: Ruiz A 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12529554 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature