Evolutionary Refinement of Mitochondrial and Plastid Targeting Sequences Coincides with the Late Diversification of Land Plants.

ABSTRACT: Plastids and mitochondria are key to plant survival and adaptation. The evolutionary progress of land plants (embryophytes) witnessed gene and genome duplications, and the expansion of organelle-localized proteins. To deal with the increase of nuclear-encoded proteins, targeting to and import by the mitochondrion and plastid are known to have adapted in multiple ways. It included the addition of entirely new import channels and lineage-specific import receptors. Through comparative genomics and experimental biology, we uncover further changes in the organelle import machineries. Their evolution likely served to enhance the rate of protein import and improve its physiological regulation, e.g. via interactions between the import channel and respiratory complex. On the cargo side, nuclear-enc

SUBMITTER: Raval PK 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12531127 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature