Exploring chamazulene as a novel therapeutic agent for breast cancer <i>in silico</i> and <i>in vitro</i>: apoptosis induction, cell cycle regulation, and antimetastatic effects.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

This study used a combination of in silico and in-vitro methodologies to evaluate the breast cancer (BC) fighting efficacy of Chamazulene.

Methods

In silico analyses utilized Protox-3.0 for toxicity prediction, SuperPred and GeneCards for target identification, and Jvenn for intersection. Protein-protein interactions were mapped with STRING and visualised in Cytoscape, followed by Cytohubba to pinpoint hub genes. Gene-ontology and KEGG-pathway enrichment were performed via DAVID and visualized with SRplot. Immune infiltration was assessed using TIMER, while UALCAN evaluated expression, promoter methylation, survival, and correlation. The MTT, clonogenic, EdU, Annexin-V/PI, cell cycle, wound healing, and Western-blotting were used to measure cy

SUBMITTER: Yao L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12531213 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature