Radix Scrophulariae regulates proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy of rat thyroid cells via the MST1/Hippo signaling pathway.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the therapeutic effects of Radix Scrophulariae (RS) extract on hyperthyroidism and the associated mechanisms. A hyperthyroid cell model was established using thyrotropin receptor antibody and levothyroxine sodium tablets. FRTL-5 rat thyroid cells were treated with varying concentrations of RS-containing serum. Protein expression levels of Bcl-2, Caspase-3, PCNA, Cyclin D1, MST1, LC3-II/I, and ATG5 were assessed by Western blotting to determine the optimal concentration. Subsequent experiments included RS treatment with or without MST1 overexpression or the Hippo pathway inhibitor XMU-MP-1. Transmission electron microscopy was used to visualize secretory vesicles, and immunofluorescence analysis was performed to detect thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSHR) expr

SUBMITTER: Zhang N 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12533197 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature