Proanthocyanidins carbon dots inhibit PRRSV infection by activating Nrf2/ARE to regulate oxidative stress and NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis.

ABSTRACT: Carbon-derived nanomaterials, especially carbon dots (CDs), are gaining attention for their distinct physicochemical characteristics and broad-spectrum antiviral capabilities. However, their efficacy against economically critical pathogens like porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), a major threat to swine health-and the molecular pathways involved remain underexplored. Here, we developed innovative proanthocyanidin-based carbon dots (PAC-CDs) to enhance their antiviral efficacy against PRRSV by targeting oxidative stress pathways and suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis via activation of the Nrf2/ARE antioxidant axis. PAC-CD were synthesized as uniformly dispersed spherical nanostructures averaging 5.49 nm in diameter, exhibiting exceptional aqueous sol

SUBMITTER: Wang F 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12533465 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature