Th9 cells provide protective TB immunity.

ABSTRACT:

Introduction

CD4+ Th9 cells have been associated with inflammatory and allergic diseases. IL-9/Th9 can function as both positive and negative immune regulators, but their protective effects against Mycobacterium tuberculosis(Mtb) are unknown. We found that Th9 cells were associated with mycobacteria-specific T cell responses primed by latent tuberculosis infection and BCG vaccination.

Methods

To study TB-specific Th9 protective effects, we generated Th9 cells from ESAT6-specific TCR transgenic mice and healthy human donors.

Results

Both murine and human Th9 cells significantly inhibited intracellular mycobacterial growth. In both in vitro models, IL-9 neutralization strongly reduced Th9 protective effects, and IL-9 treatment alone inhibited intracellular

SUBMITTER: Xia M 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12535965 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature