Exposure Levels and Health Risks of Phthalate Alternatives: A Urinary Metabolite Study.

ABSTRACT: Phthalate alternatives are increasingly replacing traditional phthalates (PAEs) as plasticizers due to growing regulatory and health concerns. However, these alternatives and their metabolites have been detected in both environmental and biological matrices, raising concerns regarding potential health risks. Here, we used ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry to detect nine metabolites of four PAE alternatives (aPAEs) in 176 urine samples collected from residents of Chengdu and Suining, Sichuan Province, China. Our results revealed that seven metabolites were commonly present in the urine samples, with total metabolite concentrations ranging from 2.52 to 6300 ng/mL. The median concentrations were 21.1 ng/mL in Chengdu and 39.8 ng/mL in Suining. The compositio

SUBMITTER: Ren J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12538321 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature