Phytochemical characterization and biological activities of wild Ceratonia siliqua L. leaves: antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic effects.

ABSTRACT: Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) is a Mediterranean plant traditionally valued for its nutritional and therapeutic properties. Despite the recognized biological potential of its various parts, the pharmacological value of carob leaves remains underexplored. This study aimed to evaluate the phytochemical content and assess the antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic properties of wild carob leaves ethanolic extract (CLEE). The total polyphenol, flavonoid, and condensed tannin contents of CLEE were quantified as 163.50 ± 9.25 mg gallic acid equivalent/g dry matter (DM), 22.23 ± 8.61 mg quercetin equivalent/g DM, and 34.35 ± 9.70 mg catechin equivalent/g DM, respectively. HPLC-DAD analysis revealed cinnamic, ferulic, sinapic, rutin, and succinic acids as the dominant phenolic compounds. CLEE ex

SUBMITTER: Laaraj S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12540936 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature