Evaluation of seven fermentation methods for enhancing the fertilizer potential of the liquid fraction of cow manure.

ABSTRACT: Although the use of cow manure as a crop fertilizer has received widespread attention, the impact of different fermentation methods (FMs) on the potential of liquid fraction of cow manure as a crop fertilizer has not been thoroughly assessed. To address this gap, we investigated the effects of seven FMs over a 13-week period on the physicochemical characteristics of cow wastewater and evaluated its potential for reuse as a soil fertilizer. Our findings demonstrated that diverse FMs resulted in variations in average root length (ARL) and germination index (GI), whereas all FMs increased the germination percentage to over 80% after five weeks of fermentation. All FMs steadily reduced the levels of NO₃-N and total phosphorus. Furthermore, total nitrogen, NH₄-N, NO_3<

SUBMITTER: Zeng D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12540985 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature