Detection of Gliadin-Activated CD4⁺ T Cells Is a New Assay to Reveal Pathogenic Lymphocytes in Celiac Disease.

ABSTRACT: The diagnosis of celiac disease (CD) relies on the presence of serum antibodies against type 2-tissue transglutaminase (tTG2) and endomysium, which in adult patients must be confirmed by assessing small intestinal mucosa damage through esophagogastroduodenoscopy. We aim to establish a non-invasive method focused on detecting activated CD4⁺ T cells that are reactive to gliadin in the peripheral blood of patients with untreated CD. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells from 20 patients with untreated CD, 17 patients on a gluten-free diet and 10 healthy donors were stimulated in vitro with whole gliadin or immunodominant peptides. After 48 h, cells were stained with fluorochrome-conjugated monoclonal antibodies against OX40 and 4-1BB surface activation markers. Gliadin-specific, activ

SUBMITTER: Pisapia L 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12541239 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature