Trends in health-related economic inactivity by smoking status in England, 2013-2025: a population-based analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Rising levels of economic inactivity due to long-term illness in the UK have important public health and socioeconomic implications. Smoking is a leading risk factor for many chronic conditions that impair work capacity and is strongly associated with socioeconomic disadvantage. We examined trends in health-related economic inactivity among working-age adults in England by smoking status from 2013 to 2025.

Methods

We analysed data from 173,248 adults aged 18-64 y in the Smoking Toolkit Study, a nationally representative monthly survey. Health-related economic inactivity was defined as not being in paid work due to long-term illness or disability. Logistic regression modelled time trends adjusted for age and gender, overall, by smoking status (current, former, neve

SUBMITTER: Jackson S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12541643 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature