Cost Evidence Yields the Viability of Metal Oxides Synthesis Routes.

ABSTRACT: Metal-based nanomaterials continue to be extensively studied, as they are regarded as the foundation of significant technological advancements due to their promising properties. However, despite these advantages, their broad adoption remains constrained by the high costs associated with the synthetic methods commonly reported in the literature. The novelty of this study lies in its integrated approach, which combines activity-based costing, total cost of ownership, and green metrics (including percentage yield, stoichiometric factor, atom economy, and reaction mass efficiency). Using three illustrative case studies (TiO₂, Al₂O₃, CeO₂) it was shown that if the synthesis processes were considered cost alone, the TiO₂ resulted in the lowe

SUBMITTER: Gkika DA 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12541911 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature