Association of reproductive and menstrual factors with the risk of breast cancer in women: a population-based study.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Reproductive factors significantly impact the incidence of breast cancer (BC), a concerning trend. This study aims to reassess this association and provide recommendations for fertility policies to delay the onset of BC.

Methods

Utilizing data from a national survey, we applied weighted Cox and restricted cubic spline (RCS) methods to evaluate the impact of various modifiable and non-modifiable reproductive factors on breast cancer (BC) incidence. Interaction and subgroup analyses were conducted to investigate favorable fertility combinations and identify target populations.

Results

Our analysis included 15,938 cases, representing 63,247,160 women in the United States, with 4.06% diagnosed as BC survivors. Multiple models consistently demonstrated that a la

SUBMITTER: Song Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12542230 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature