High-frequency oscillatory ventilation with sigh breath increases pneumothorax in neonates born at 22-25 gestational weeks.

ABSTRACT:

Background

High-frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) is widely used in neonates with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) to optimize lung recruitment while minimizing ventilator-induced lung injury. Sigh breaths have been incorporated into HFOV to improve alveolar recruitment in cases of atelectasis. However, the safety of this approach, particularly in extremely preterm neonates, remains unclear. This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of sigh breaths during HFOV increased the risk of developing tension pneumothorax within the first 96 h after birth in neonates born at 22-25 weeks of gestation with RDS.

Methods

This retrospective cohort study included neonates born at 22-25 weeks of gestation between 2014 and 2023 who required rescue HFOV within 4 h of birth due to

SUBMITTER: Kurimoto T 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12542469 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature