Transcriptome profiling of fast-glycolytic and slow-oxidative muscle fibers in chickens under short- and long-term high-fat diets.

ABSTRACT: Skeletal muscle fiber composition strongly influences meat quality and metabolic regulation in poultry, yet fiber-type-specific responses to high-fat diet (HFD) remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the effects of short-term and long-term HFD feeding on the fast/glycolytic pectoralis major (PEM) and slow/oxidative soleus (SOL) in Guangyuan Grey chickens. Histological staining and enzyme activity assays revealed that prolonged HFD promoted an oxidative-to-glycolytic transition in SOL, accompanied by reduced mitochondrial function, whereas the PEM showed early lipid accumulation and metabolic stress. Transcriptome sequencing identified 3840 differentially expressed genes between the two muscles, with 1761 constitutively different. Under short-term HFD, SOL activated protective path

SUBMITTER: Zhang D 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12547001 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature