Adjuvant-dependent protection of SARS-CoV-2 spike vaccines: comparative immunogenicity of human-applicable formulations.

ABSTRACT: Although recombinant vaccines with various adjuvant systems are widely deployed in global coronavirus disease 2019 immunization, their distinct immune profiles have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we evaluated immune responses induced by four clinically validated adjuvants-aluminum hydroxide (Al), two water-in-oil emulsions (Montanide ISA720 and ISA51), and an oil-in-water emulsion (Sepivac SWE)-formulated with the prefusion-stabilized ancestral severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike trimer (S-2P) in mouse models. Both S-2P:ISA720 and S-2P:ISA51 elicited potent humoral immunity, including cross-neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variants, along with robust interferon gamma-producing T-cell responses in the spleen and lung. Immunization with S-2P:I

SUBMITTER: Pan Z 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12548409 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature