Telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of yellow-fruited allotetraploid American ginseng (<i>Panax quinquefolius</i> L<i>.</i>) provides insights into flavonoid biosynthesis.

ABSTRACT: Panax quinquefolius L., commonly known as American ginseng, is a valuable beneficial medicinal herb renowned for its health-promoting properties and rich phytochemical profile. Despite significant progress in understanding ginsenoside biosynthesis, the genetic basis for flavonoid diversity in American ginseng remains unclear. This study reports the first telomere-to-telomere (T2T) genome assembly for yellow-fruited American ginseng cultivar 'Zhongnongyangshen No. 2'. The genome assembly, achieved using PacBio HiFi and Oxford Nanopore Technology ultra-long read technologies, offers a high-quality reference for genomic research, addressing previous gaps in structural accuracy. Combining transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses, we investigated flavonoid biosynthesis and the regulatory

SUBMITTER: Lei XJ 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12549079 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature