Human axillary lymph node T follicular helper (Tfh) and Precursor-Tfh cells exhibit functional flexibility following seasonal influenza vaccination.

ABSTRACT:

Objectives

CD4⁺ T cells partitioned into different cell lineages based on transcription factor, cytokine and chemokine expression have defined functions that work cooperatively to ensure optimum operation of the immune system. This study investigated the lineages and interactions of key CD4⁺ T-cell subsets within human lymph nodes (LNs) post-vaccination to assess the potential for adaptability and flexibility in an immune response.

Methods

Ultrasound-guided fine needle biopsies/aspirates were used to isolate T follicular helper (Tfh) and Precursor (Pre)-Tfh cells from the vaccine-draining and contralateral axillary LNs of five individuals at 5 days after influenza vaccination, followed by single-cell RNA sequencing, gene expression and T-cell receptor a

SUBMITTER: Law H 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12550272 | biostudies-literature | 2025

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature