Effect of combined exercise and nutrition on bone density in postmenopausal women-a systematic review and meta-analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Postmenopausal women are subject to hormonal fluctuations, a rapid decline in bone mineral density (BMD) and a significant increase in fracture risk, and both exercise and nutritional interventions have a positive impact on BMD. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of combined exercise and nutrition interventions compared to single nutrition or exercise interventions on BMD in postmenopausal women and specific combined strategies to improve BMD.

Methods

A systematic search on PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Google Scholar databases and studies identified until April 4, 2025 were performed following strictly the PRISMA evaluation guidelines.The risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool, the quality of evidence was

SUBMITTER: Liu J 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12551155 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature