Gas station heroin- tianeptine and its impact: a systematic review and exploratory analysis.

ABSTRACT:

Background

Tianeptine, a drug approved in some countries for the treatment of major depressive disorder, has raised significant public health concerns due to its potential for misuse and addiction. Its activity at the mu-opioid receptor along with its availability as a dietary supplement in certain regions, raises concerns about overdose, toxicity, and its contribution to the opioid crisis. Despite recognition of its addictive potential for over two decades, systematic data on misuse patterns, associated risk factors, and effective treatment strategies remain limited. This study investigates demographic/regional trends in tianeptine misuse, examines the influence of dosage, administration routes, and co-administration with other substances on overdose risk, and evaluates the effica

SUBMITTER: Parnia S 

PROVIDER: S-EPMC12551324 | biostudies-literature | 2025 Oct

REPOSITORIES: biostudies-literature